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Business registration in Kalundborg follows Danish national rules, administered primarily by the Danish Business Authority. All new businesses obtain a central business registration number, called a CVR number, through the national online portal. The CVR number identifies your business for tax, VAT, employment, and regulatory purposes. While the rules are national, your location in Kalundborg can affect local permits, zoning, signage, environmental conditions, and sector-specific approvals handled by Kalundborg Municipality and relevant authorities.
Common legal forms include sole proprietorship, general partnership I-S, limited liability company ApS, public limited company A-S, limited partnership K-S, and branch of a foreign company. Each form has different ownership, liability, capital, management, accounting, and filing obligations. Registration is digital, requires MitID for signing, and triggers obligations for bookkeeping, annual reporting where required, VAT if applicable, and registration of beneficial owners. Kalundborg’s strong industrial profile means environmental and planning considerations are especially important for production, logistics, energy, life sciences, and maritime activities.
Choosing the right structure. A lawyer can explain liability, tax, and governance differences between a sole proprietorship, partnership, ApS, A-S, or a branch, and help you align the choice with investors, risk, and exit plans.
Drafting foundational documents. Companies need articles of association, a founder’s document, shareholder agreements, and management rules. Clear documents reduce disputes and ease onboarding of partners and investors.
Capital and banking. Setting up an ApS or A-S requires proof of capital and anti-money laundering checks at a bank. Legal counsel can coordinate with banks and auditors to meet requirements efficiently.
Regulatory permits. Many activities in Kalundborg require sector approvals, such as food, alcohol, health, construction, harbor operations, and environmental permits. A lawyer can identify which permits you need and handle applications.
Employment and data protection. Hiring staff triggers employment contracts, workplace rules, and payroll registration, and most businesses must comply with data protection rules. Legal advice helps you avoid costly non-compliance.
Cross-border founders and branches. Foreign owners often face added documentation, management residency rules, and tax registrations. Counsel can structure the setup and handle translations and apostilles.
Ongoing compliance and changes. Lawyers help with beneficial owner updates, board changes, share transfers, capital increases, and dissolutions, as well as bookkeeping system compliance under updated bookkeeping law.
National company law. Danish company legislation governs formation and operation of ApS and A-S, including minimum share capital, management, shareholder rights, and filing duties. The private limited company ApS is common for SMEs in Kalundborg.
Registration and identification. All entities obtain a CVR number via the Danish Business Authority. Each physical site also has a production unit number, called a P-number. Beneficial owners must be registered in the central beneficial owner register.
Tax and VAT. Corporate income tax is applied nationally. Sole proprietors are taxed as individuals, with optional schemes for business income. Businesses must register for VAT when annual turnover exceeds a statutory threshold, and must file VAT and employer reports digitally.
Bookkeeping and reporting. The bookkeeping law requires proper and increasingly digital bookkeeping systems on phased timelines. Companies file annual financial statements under the Financial Statements Act unless exempt. Many small ApS can opt out of audits if they stay below legal thresholds, but the thresholds can change, so verify the current rules.
Employment. Employers must register for withholding tax and labor market contributions. Employment contracts and holiday rights follow national acts. Health and safety rules are enforced by the Danish Working Environment Authority.
Data and marketing. The EU GDPR and the Danish Data Protection Act apply to processing personal data. Marketing activities must comply with the Marketing Practices Act and consumer rules.
Local planning and permits. Kalundborg Municipality manages zoning, building permits, signage approvals, waste handling arrangements, and environmental conditions. Industrial or harbor-related activities may require enhanced assessments. Hospitality and retail may need alcohol licenses and extended opening permits coordinated with the police and municipality.
Special note on legal forms. The entrepreneurial company IVS has been abolished and cannot be formed. Existing IVS structures were converted or dissolved. Most founders now choose ApS for limited liability at a relatively low minimum capital requirement and straightforward governance.
You register online with the Danish Business Authority to obtain a CVR number. Sole proprietors and partnerships complete a digital form. Companies like ApS or A-S also upload formation documents, sign digitally with MitID, and pay a state fee. Once approved, your CVR is active nationwide, including Kalundborg.
Sole proprietorships are often active within minutes after digital submission. An ApS or A-S typically takes a few business days once documents and capital proof are in order. Processing can take longer if information is incomplete or if name or purpose requires review.
An ApS requires a minimum share capital set by law that is significantly lower than for an A-S. A-S has a higher minimum. There is no legal capital minimum for a sole proprietorship, I-S, or K-S, but the partners bear liability. Verify current amounts with the Danish Business Authority before filing.
Your business must have a registered address in Denmark. If you operate physically in Kalundborg, the address will normally be in the municipality. Virtual offices are possible if they meet legal requirements for official mail and availability, but some permits require a physical site suited to the activity.
You must register for VAT once your taxable turnover exceeds the statutory threshold within a 12-month period, or earlier if you expect to exceed it. Some activities are VAT exempt. VAT registration, filings, and payment are done digitally via the tax system and linked to your CVR.
Typical local permits include building or renovation permits, signage approvals, environmental permits for production or waste, food business registrations, alcohol licenses for serving, and extended opening permits. Harbor-related operations may need additional approvals. Always check with Kalundborg Municipality and the relevant national authority for your sector.
Yes. Foreign individuals and companies commonly form an ApS or register a branch. You will need acceptable identification, documentation of beneficial owners, and a Danish registered address. If management is outside the EU-EEA, you may need a local representative. Banks apply strict anti-money laundering checks before opening accounts.
Keep compliant books, issue invoices that meet VAT rules, file VAT and tax returns on time, register employees and file payroll reports if you hire staff, maintain a digital mailbox for official notices, and file annual reports if your entity type requires it. Update the beneficial owner register and company register whenever relevant details change.
Home-based businesses are allowed in many cases, but you must comply with zoning, nuisance, and signage rules. Certain activities, such as food preparation for sale, storage of hazardous materials, or customer traffic beyond a small scale, may require special permits or a commercial location.
Changes such as address, purpose, management, capital, or beneficial owners must be filed online and are usually effective once registered. Closing involves deregistering for VAT and employer duties and dissolving the entity correctly. Companies may liquidate, merge, or strike off. Get advice to manage creditors, employees, and tax finalization properly.
Danish Business Authority. Main registry for CVR numbers, company filings, beneficial owners, and name checks.
Danish Tax Agency. VAT, corporate income tax, payroll registrations, and e-filing guidance.
Kalundborg Municipality Business Service. Local guidance on zoning, building permits, signage, environmental conditions, and local trade rules.
Erhvervshus Sjælland. Regional public advisory service for startups and SMEs in Zealand, including Kalundborg.
Danish Working Environment Authority. Employer health and safety rules and workplace approvals.
Danish Veterinary and Food Administration. Food business registrations and inspections.
Police licensing authority for the region. Alcohol and nightlife permits and event permissions.
Patent and Trademark Office. National trademarks, designs, and patents relevant to brand and product protection.
Kalundborg Forsyning and local utility providers. Waste, water, and energy arrangements that may be part of environmental compliance.
Local business organizations in Kalundborg. Business networks and councils offering mentoring and events.
Define your business model. Clarify what you will sell, to whom, and where operations will take place in Kalundborg. This will determine the legal form, permits, and tax profile.
Choose the legal form. Decide between sole proprietorship, partnership, ApS, A-S, or a branch. Consider liability, investor needs, costs, and reporting. Consult a lawyer or accountant for tailored advice.
Prepare documents and funding. For companies, draft articles and a founder’s document, agree on a shareholder agreement if there are multiple owners, and arrange the required capital and bank documentation.
Register and obtain your CVR. File online, pay the state fee, sign digitally, and register for VAT and as an employer if needed. Set up your digital mailbox and NemKonto for payments.
Address local permits early. Contact Kalundborg Municipality to screen for planning, building, signage, and environmental needs. Apply for sector permits where relevant to avoid delays at launch.
Set up compliance systems. Choose a bookkeeping system that meets Danish bookkeeping law, implement invoicing and VAT controls, and plan for annual reporting. Establish data protection and employment documentation if hiring.
Open operational accounts and insurance. Work with a bank on a business account and ensure you have appropriate insurance such as liability, product, and workers compensation style coverages required in your sector.
Get professional help. If you face complexity around permits, foreign ownership, capitalization, shareholder arrangements, or sector regulation, engage a lawyer experienced in Danish company formation and Kalundborg municipal processes, and coordinate with a local accountant.
This guide is for general information only and is not legal advice. Laws and thresholds change. Always verify current requirements with the competent authorities or a qualified professional before you act.
