Best Corporate & Commercial Lawyers in Ankara

About Corporate & Commercial Law in Ankara, Turkey

Corporate and commercial law in Ankara covers the legal framework that governs the creation, operation, regulation and dissolution of businesses and commercial transactions. As the capital city, Ankara is both a political and economic hub, home to numerous national and international corporations, startups, and state-owned enterprises. The city’s vibrant business environment makes corporate and commercial law a crucial aspect of daily economic activity. This field encompasses a wide spectrum, including company formation, mergers and acquisitions, employment law, contracts, dispute resolution, and regulatory compliance. Lawyers in this sector help businesses navigate complex local regulations while protecting their interests in a dynamic market.

Why You May Need a Lawyer

There are several common situations when seeking advice from a corporate and commercial lawyer in Ankara becomes essential:

• Establishing a new company, including the selection of the right business entity and fulfilling legal requirements
• Drafting, reviewing or negotiating commercial contracts with customers, suppliers, or business partners
• Understanding and maintaining compliance with Turkish commercial legislation and regulations
• Mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures or investments involving your business
• Handling shareholder agreements, disputes, or changes in company structure
• Managing intellectual property, trade secrets or brand protection for your business
• Resolving commercial disputes through negotiation, arbitration or litigation
• Dealing with bankruptcy, liquidation or restructuring processes
• Employment and labor issues related to hiring, firing or employee rights
• Dealing with cross-border transactions and international trade

In any of these scenarios, a legal expert can help safeguard your interests, minimize risk, and ensure compliance with all relevant laws and regulations.

Local Laws Overview

Turkish corporate and commercial law is primarily governed by the Turkish Commercial Code, the Turkish Code of Obligations, the Capital Markets Law, and related regulations. Below are some key aspects of the legal environment in Ankara:

• Company Types and Formation: The most common forms are Joint Stock Companies (AŞ), Limited Liability Companies (LTD), and Collective or Commandite Companies. Each has its own minimum capital, management structure, and reporting requirements.
• Corporate Governance: Board structures, shareholder meetings, and mandatory reporting are strictly regulated. Businesses must maintain compliance with corporate governance rules to avoid penalties.
• Commercial Contracts: Written agreements are not always mandatory but are highly advisable. Turkish contract law outlines provisions for the validity, performance, and cancellation of contracts.
• Employment Law: Governs labor relations, worker rights, and employer duties. There are specific regulations regarding contracts, terminations, severance, and benefits.
• Intellectual Property: Companies should register trademarks, patents, and other intellectual property with Turkish authorities for protection.
• Foreign Investment: Turkey generally allows foreign investment but has requirements for company registration, work permits, and notification procedures.
• Dispute Resolution: Civil courts in Ankara handle commercial disputes, with arbitration and alternative dispute resolution methods also in use for faster outcomes.
• Regulatory Compliance: Adherence to competition law, tax law, and other sector-specific legislation is mandatory for operating in regulated industries.

Frequently Asked Questions

What types of business entities can I establish in Ankara?

The most common types of business entities in Ankara are Joint Stock Company (AŞ) and Limited Liability Company (LTD). There are also Collective and Commandite Companies, as well as branches and liaison offices for foreign companies.

Is a Turkish partner required to establish a company?

No, foreign investors can own 100 percent of the shares in Turkish companies. However, there are some sector-specific restrictions and additional procedures for foreign shareholders.

How long does it take to set up a company in Ankara?

Company formation can take approximately one to two weeks, depending on the type of company and documentation provided. Certain industries may require specific licenses or regulatory approvals, which could extend the timeline.

Do I need a lawyer to draft contracts or can I use templates?

While templates are available, it is highly advisable to have contracts drafted or reviewed by a lawyer to ensure they comply with local laws and to protect your interests.

What are my obligations regarding employee rights?

Turkish labor law is protective of employees, outlining minimum wage, severance pay, notice periods, work hours, leave entitlements, and social security contributions. Non-compliance can result in fines or litigation.

Are there special regulations for foreign-owned companies?

Foreign-owned companies are largely treated the same as Turkish companies, though notification requirements and sector-specific regulations might apply. Special rules apply to work permits and immigration matters.

How are commercial disputes resolved in Ankara?

Disputes may be resolved through negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or by filing a lawsuit in the commercial courts in Ankara. Many contracts prefer arbitration for efficiency and privacy.

What are the tax obligations for businesses?

Businesses are subject to corporate income tax, value added tax (VAT), and, in some cases, other industry-specific taxes. Regular filings and accurate accounting are mandatory.

Can I easily close my company if business is not successful?

Company dissolution is regulated and involves creditor notification, tax clearance, and registry deregistration. The process requires legal support to ensure all legal and financial obligations are met.

How can I protect my intellectual property in Ankara?

Intellectual property rights are protected through registration with the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office. It is important to take proactive steps to register and enforce your IP rights.

Additional Resources

Several institutions and organizations provide helpful guidance and support for corporate and commercial matters in Ankara:

• Ankara Chamber of Commerce (ATO): Offers resources, training, and networking for businesses operating in the capital.
• Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB): Provides national and regional commercial insights and advocacy.
• Ministry of Trade: Official body regulating domestic and international trade, including company registration and foreign investment procedures.
• Turkish Patent and Trademark Office: Handles intellectual property registration and protection.
• Ankara Bar Association: Directory of registered lawyers and law firms specializing in corporate and commercial law.

Next Steps

If you are seeking legal assistance for a corporate or commercial matter in Ankara, it is advisable to start by clearly defining your objectives and gathering all relevant documentation. Research and select a qualified lawyer or law firm with experience in corporate and commercial law, ideally with expertise in your specific sector. An initial consultation can help clarify your legal position and outline the strategy moving forward. Staying proactive and informed will help ensure compliance, protect your interests, and maximize the success of your business activities in Ankara.