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This guide provides a clear, practical overview of Social Security law as it affects residents of Pompeu - Minas Gerais, Brazil. In Brazil, the social security system covers retirement, disability, sickness, maternity, death-related benefits and means-tested assistance. Most private-sector workers and many informal workers are covered by the National Institute of Social Security - INSS - under the Regime Geral de Previdência Social - RGPS. Public servants may be covered by a Regime Próprio de Previdência Social - RPPS - managed at municipal or state level. Federal constitutional rules, national laws and regulatory changes shape eligibility, contributions and benefit calculation. Local realities in Pompeu - such as access to an INSS service point, availability of CRAS services and local public servant rules - affect how people navigate the system in practice.
Social Security matters often involve complex legal, factual and medical issues. You may need a lawyer when:
- Your benefit application is denied or only partially granted and you need to file administrative appeals or a judicial action.
- You face difficulty proving work history or contribution records required to calculate a retirement or disability benefit.
- A medical-pericia decision rejects your claim for sickness benefit, auxílio-doença, or disability-related pension and you need help gathering medical evidence and preparing for a new pericia.
- You are a public servant with questions about RPPS entitlements, complementary benefits, or special rules for municipal employees in Pompeu.
- You need help with survivor benefits - pensão por morte - where issues of dependent status, marriage or cohabitation must be proven.
- You suspect calculation errors in the benefit amount or need to request revision for past underpayments or incorrect contribution records.
- You are low-income and seeking BPC-LOAS - Benefício de Prestação Continuada - and require assistance proving eligibility and income limits.
- You need urgent court measures - tutela antecipada or preliminary injunction - when there is a pressing need for cash benefits pending final judgment.
A specialized lawyer helps assemble evidence, navigate administrative procedures, calculate possible benefits, negotiate with INSS or RPPS administrators and represent you in court if necessary.
Key legal frameworks and local considerations relevant in Pompeu include:
- Federal constitutional rules - The Constitution of 1988 establishes social security as a fundamental right and sets the framework for federal regulation and protection.
- Core federal laws - Law No. 8.213/1991 defines benefits and eligibility rules; Law No. 8.212/1991 deals with financing and contribution rules. Constitutional Amendment No. 103/2019 - the 2019 pension reform - introduced major changes to eligibility, minimum retirement ages and contribution rules.
- INSS rules and procedures - The INSS administers benefits for RGPS contributors. Administrative procedures include initial applications, medical pericia, reconsideration and administrative appeals. National government regulations govern deadlines and documentation.
- RPPS rules for public servants - Municipal public servants of Pompeu may be covered by an RPPS with its own statute and regulations. RPPS rules can differ on retirement age, calculation formulas and survivor benefits. Check your municipal regime statute for specifics.
- Social assistance rules - The BPC-LOAS is governed by the Organic Law of Social Assistance and federal regulations. Eligibility is means-tested and relies on per-capita income thresholds and social assessments, often supported locally by CRAS.
- Local service points and administrative access - Pompeu residents may use an INSS agency, pre-scheduled service points, or remote services such as the Meu INSS digital platform and telephone service for many procedures. Local CRAS and municipal social assistance offices assist with BPC claims and documentation.
- Judicial review and federal courts - If administrative remedies fail, claimants may file lawsuits in the Federal Court system to obtain benefits, corrections or emergency relief.
You can start an application at the local INSS service point if available, by telephone or using the national Meu INSS digital service. Gather identity documents, CPF, work and contribution records - including Carteira de Trabalho, pay slips, and dates of employment - and any medical reports if your claim is health-related. For municipal public servants, verify whether you must apply through the municipal HR or the RPPS administrator.
Important benefits include retirement by age and by time of contribution, disability benefits and auxílio-doença, pension for dependents after death (pensão por morte), maternity and paternity benefits, auxílio-reclusão, and the BPC-LOAS for people with disability or the elderly with very low income. Rules and calculations differ by benefit type and by whether you are under RGPS or RPPS.
Typical documents are: identification (RG), CPF, Carteira de Trabalho, social security contribution records (CNIS printout), tax or income statements, payslips, contracts, GPS or GFIP payment receipts for self-employed contributions, and court decisions recognizing service time if applicable. Medical reports, exam results and prescriptions are crucial for health-related claims.
First review the denial notice to understand the reasons. You can request reconsideration or file an administrative appeal with the INSS. If administrative remedies do not resolve the matter, you can file a lawsuit in Federal Court. A lawyer can help build medical and documentary evidence and request urgent judicial relief if you need immediate benefits.
RGPS - managed by INSS - covers most private-sector workers and many informal workers. RPPS covers public servants and is managed by the public entity that employs them. Eligibility rules, retirement age, benefit calculation methods and contribution regimes can differ significantly between RGPS and RPPS, so it matters which regime applies to your situation.
For sickness and disability benefits the INSS uses medical-pericia to assess incapacity. If a pericia rejects your claim, you can present additional medical evidence and request reconsideration or a new pericia in administrative or judicial proceedings. A lawyer or medical expert can help prepare a stronger evidence package for a new evaluation.
Yes. The Defensoria Pública of Minas Gerais offers free legal assistance for people who meet income eligibility criteria. Local CRAS and municipal social assistance offices can also guide applicants to free help for BPC and related matters. The local OAB-MG may provide lawyer referral services for affordable consultations.
Processing times vary by benefit type, complexity and local caseload. Simple administrative procedures may take weeks; more complex medical-pericia cases or contested claims can take months. If you pursue judicial relief, timeframes depend on the court and whether urgent measures are requested. Expect variability and consult a lawyer for an estimate based on your case.
First collect all supporting documents - payslips, contracts, GPS receipts, and employer statements. Request a correction through an INSS agency or Meu INSS service and submit the evidence. If the INSS does not correct records, a lawyer can file administrative requests or a judicial action to recognize missing contribution periods or wages for benefit calculation.
Yes. When a benefit is granted after delay, INSS or a court decision may order retroactive payments from the date you became entitled to the benefit. The exact period depends on the type of benefit, the date of application and applicable rules. A lawyer can calculate likely retroactive amounts and assist in securing payment.
Useful institutions and local resources to consult in Pompeu include:
- Local INSS service points or remote INSS services for applications and procedural guidance.
- Centro de Referência de Assistência Social - CRAS - in Pompeu for social assistance and BPC-LOAS support.
- Defensoria Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais for free legal assistance to eligible low-income residents.
- Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil - Seccional Minas Gerais - OAB-MG - for lawyer referral and ethical complaints.
- Municipal HR or the municipality treasury/administrative office for public servants seeking RPPS information.
- Local doctors and specialists for medical reports and opinions needed in pericia and judicial cases.
- INSS documentation sources such as CNIS extracts and official benefit calculators available through INSS channels for preliminary information.
If you need legal assistance with a Social Security matter in Pompeu, follow these steps:
- Gather documents - Collect ID, CPF, work records, CNIS printouts, medical reports and any correspondence from INSS or your employer.
- Check eligibility and preliminary information - Use INSS service points or Meu INSS to verify records and learn the status of any prior applications.
- Contact local support - Visit CRAS for assistance with BPC claims and contact the Defensoria Pública if you are low-income and need a free lawyer.
- Consult a specialized lawyer - If your case is denied, complex or involves RPPS or judicial claims, consult an attorney experienced in previdenciary law. Ask about experience with INSS claims, pericia, RPPS cases and the likely strategy and costs - including contingency fees if offered.
- Prepare for appeals and litigation - With your lawyer, compile medical evidence, employment records and witness declarations if needed, and decide whether to pursue administrative appeals or file a court action. Discuss the possibility of requesting urgent relief if you need immediate financial support.
- Keep records and follow up - Keep copies of all submissions, protocol numbers and notices. Track deadlines for appeals and legal actions and maintain communication with your lawyer and local service points.
This guide is informational and does not replace personalized legal advice. For case-specific recommendations and to protect your rights and deadlines, consult a qualified social security lawyer or the Defensoria Pública in Pompeu or Minas Gerais.
