Best Corporate & Commercial Lawyers in Thessaloniki

About Corporate & Commercial Law in Thessaloniki, Greece

Corporate and commercial law governs the formation, operation, and dissolution of companies and business entities in Thessaloniki, Greece's second largest city and a major business hub in the region. Businesses in Thessaloniki operate in a dynamic legal environment shaped by both Greek national law and European Union regulations. Whether you are a start-up, a growing enterprise, or an established multinational, understanding the local legal framework is essential for operating smoothly and avoiding legal disputes.

Why You May Need a Lawyer

Engaging a lawyer with experience in corporate and commercial law is highly recommended in various situations related to business operations in Thessaloniki. Some common scenarios include:

• Starting or registering a new company
• Drafting or reviewing commercial contracts and agreements
• Merger, acquisition, or restructuring of a business
• Resolving disputes between partners, shareholders, or third parties
• Securing necessary business licenses and regulatory approvals
• Representing your company in litigation or arbitration
• Adhering to corporate governance and compliance obligations
• Managing intellectual property related matters
• Negotiating real estate transactions for commercial spaces
• Dealing with employment contracts and labor law issues

Local Laws Overview

Thessaloniki's corporate and commercial landscape is shaped primarily by Greek national laws, such as the Hellenic Civil Code, the Law on Societes Anonymes, and the Commercial Code, as well as obligatory compliance with EU directives. Here are key aspects:

• Company Formation: Common company types include the Societe Anonyme (SA) for larger businesses and the Limited Liability Company (IKE or EPE) for smaller structures. Each form has its own setup procedures, capital requirements, and governance rules.
• Commercial Contracts: All business agreements must comply with the Greek Civil and Commercial Codes, emphasizing clarity, legality, and mutual consent.
• Taxation: Businesses must adhere to Greek tax laws, file regular returns, and comply with VAT regulations. Tax incentives may exist for certain investments.
• Licensing and Permits: Depending on the industry, specific licenses from municipal or governmental authorities may be required to operate.
• Employment Law: Companies must follow legal frameworks for hiring, contracts, terminations, and employee protections.
• Dispute Resolution: Commercial disputes may be resolved before Greek courts or through arbitration as stipulated by contract.
• Intellectual Property: Protecting trademarks, patents, and copyrights is governed by national and EU regulations.

Frequently Asked Questions

What types of companies can I establish in Thessaloniki?

You can establish various business types such as a Societe Anonyme (SA), Limited Liability Company (IKE or EPE), General Partnership (OE), or Limited Partnership (EE), each with specific requirements and legal characteristics.

What are the main steps for incorporating a business?

Typically, the process involves selecting a business type, reserving a company name, preparing and notarizing articles of association, registering with the General Commercial Registry (GEMI), securing tax identification, and obtaining necessary licenses.

Are there foreign investment restrictions in Thessaloniki?

There are generally no major restrictions for EU investors. Non-EU investors may face certain sector-specific limitations and should ensure compliance with residency and reporting obligations.

How are commercial contracts enforced?

Contracts are normally enforceable through Greek courts. Arbitration and mediation are also accepted forms of dispute resolution, particularly for international or complex cases.

What are the common taxes businesses must pay?

Businesses in Thessaloniki are subject to corporate income tax, VAT, municipal taxes, social security contributions for employees, and other industry-specific levies.

How do I protect my intellectual property in Greece?

You can register trademarks, designs, and patents with the Hellenic Industrial Property Organization. Copyrights are protected automatically, but official registration can help with enforcement.

What are the labor law obligations for employers?

Employers must provide formal contracts, adhere to working hour regulations, register employees with social security, and ensure compliance with health, safety, and anti-discrimination laws.

Can a company be fully owned by foreign nationals?

Yes, companies can be fully owned by foreign individuals or entities, subject to compliance with Greek company registration and sector-specific regulations.

Do I need a local address or representative for my business?

A registered office address in Greece is required. Certain types of companies or licenses may also require the appointment of a local representative.

How long does it take to set up a new company?

With all necessary documents available, setting up a company in Thessaloniki can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the complexity and business type.

Additional Resources

If you need more detailed information or assistance, consider reaching out to the following resources and bodies in Thessaloniki and Greece:

• General Commercial Registry (GEMI)
• Hellenic Ministry of Development and Investments
• Thessaloniki Chamber of Commerce and Industry
• Hellenic Federation of Enterprises (SEV)
• Hellenic Bar Association for lawyer directories
• Greek Ombudsman for business-related complaints

Many private law firms and consulting firms in Thessaloniki also specialize in corporate and commercial law.

Next Steps

If you are considering starting a business or have encountered a legal issue related to corporate and commercial law in Thessaloniki, you should:

• Clearly define your business needs or legal questions
• Collect all relevant documents and information
• Contact a certified local lawyer specializing in corporate and commercial law
• Arrange a consultation to discuss your situation and potential solutions
• Follow your lawyer's guidance on the necessary legal steps and filings

Proactively seeking qualified legal advice will help you avoid costly mistakes, ensure compliance with local laws, and position your business for long-term success in Thessaloniki, Greece.