Fatima Al Habsi Advocates & Legal Consultants

Civil law is the law that regulates financial legal relations - except for those related to commerce and personal relations between individuals. With this definition, it regulates two types of private relations between individuals: financial transactions and personal status.

Types of civil law

This article is about the dominant school of law in continental Europe. For the legal subjects dealing with the relationships of individuals, see Branches of law  or  Civil law (disambiguation) .

Civil law is historically considered a set of legal systems and ideas derived primarily from  the Justinian Code , which arose from the overlay of  Napoleonic , Germanic,  ecclesiastical , feudal, and local laws, [2]  as well as a set of legal doctrines such as natural law, codification,  and legal positivism .

What are the branches of public law?

• Administrative Law
• Labor Relations and Social Security
• Administrative judiciary
• International Criminal Law
• Criminal Procedure Law
• International humanitarian law
• Money bills
• And there's more..

Personal status law is a set of legal rules that regulate the relationship between individuals in terms of kinship.

Marriage and what results from it in terms of affinity, birth, guardianship, custody, mutual rights and duties, and any dissolution that may occur, entail rights to alimony, custody, inheritance and wills. The law is also concerned with the issue of legal capacity.

Commercial Law

Laws in general are the most important factors and standards that countries rely on in order to regulate various transactions and relationships between members of society with each other and the relationship also between the individual and the state without one party with money and influence dominating the other. One of the most important laws that are relied upon greatly in business is commercial law.

Commercial law is one of the special branches of law. This law has been defined as the basic regulator of the rules related to trade and various commercial activities. That is, it regulates commercial activities and preserves the rights of both parties, whether when traders deal with each other or when they deal with consumers. It is considered one of the somewhat limited laws compared to civil law, which includes a greater range of rules that regulate the various relationships between individuals, regardless of the nature of the work.

Article (21) The employment contract must be established in writing and drafted in Arabic in two copies, one for each party. If the contract is drafted in a language other than Arabic, it must be accompanied by at least one copy drafted in Arabic, approved by both parties to the contract, and it shall have the same evidential force. If there is no written employment contract, the worker may prove his rights by all means of proof, and the worker shall be given a receipt for any papers and certificates he has deposited with the employer.

The employment contract must include in particular the following information:

•  Name of employer, establishment and address of workplace
•  The worker’s name, date of birth, qualifications, job or profession, place of residence and nationality.
• Nature and type of work and duration of contract
• The basic wage and any allowances, benefits or bonuses to which the employee is entitled under the applicable terms of service, and the method and date of payment of the agreed wage.
•  The appropriate period of notice that must be given by either party to the contract who wishes to terminate it, provided that the period of notice given by the employer to the worker is not less than the period specified in this law.
• Any other data specified by law.

companies laws

A commercial company is a legal entity established by a contract whereby two or more persons undertake to contribute to a profit-making project by providing a share in the capital, either in the form of material or moral rights, or in the form of services or work, to share any profit or loss resulting from the project.

As an exception to the provisions of the previous paragraph, the company may consist of one person in accordance with the provisions of this law.

Criminal law is a branch of law that is related to crime and can be defined as a set of laws that the state sets regarding prohibited behavior that threatens the security, safety and interests of the public and exposes it to danger. Thus, it is a law that defines prohibited acts and requires a penalty for each crime.