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Antitrust litigation in Greece refers to the legal processes and court actions associated with enforcing competition laws. These laws are designed to promote fair competition, prevent monopolies, prohibit cartels, and restrict anti-competitive practices that could harm consumers or other businesses. Greek antitrust laws align closely with European Union regulations, as Greece is a member state. The principal national legislation is Law 3959/2011, which mirrors many aspects of EU competition law. The Hellenic Competition Commission (HCC) is the main regulatory authority responsible for investigating alleged breaches and enforcing antitrust policies. Antitrust litigation arises when disputes over the application or violations of these rules result in legal proceedings, either before the HCC or in Greek courts.
Antitrust litigation is highly specialized and often complex, involving both Greek and EU competition regulations. Situations where you may require legal help include:
Because of the serious financial and reputational risks at stake, as well as the technical nature of the law, consulting with an experienced antitrust litigator is strongly recommended.
The cornerstone of antitrust litigation in Greece is Law 3959/2011 on the Protection of Free Competition. Key provisions prohibit:
Enforcement is carried out by the Hellenic Competition Commission, which has investigative powers to conduct dawn raids, request documents, and impose substantial administrative fines. The Commission’s decisions can be appealed before the Administrative Courts of Appeal and, ultimately, the Council of State. Greek laws operate alongside EU competition rules under Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. This dual framework means that antitrust cases may involve both national and EU procedures.
Practices such as price fixing, bid rigging, market sharing, output restriction, and abuse of dominant position are considered anti-competitive. This includes both formal agreements and informal cooperation between businesses.
Any individual, business, or association who becomes aware of a potential breach of competition law can file a complaint. The HCC may also launch investigations on its own initiative.
The HCC can impose hefty administrative fines, often based on a percentage of annual turnover. Individuals may also face sanctions if personally involved in the violation. Fines can reach up to 10 percent of a company’s total global turnover.
Yes, Greece operates a leniency program. Companies that admit participation in a cartel and provide evidence may receive reduced fines or immunity, depending on their level of cooperation and timing.
Yes, companies and individuals can appeal an HCC decision before the Administrative Court of Appeal. Further appeals can be made to the Council of State, Greece’s highest administrative court.
The duration depends on the complexity of the case, but investigations and proceedings can take several months to years. Appeals processes also add time.
Victims of anti-competitive conduct can seek compensation through the civil courts. The proceedings may follow or be independent from administrative enforcement actions.
Yes, any company whose practices have an effect on competition within the Greek market is subject to Greek competition law, regardless of where the company is based.
Greek national laws are closely aligned with EU rules. In many cases, the national competition authority will coordinate or align its decisions with European Commission actions, especially for cross-border or large-scale infringements.
Yes. Company directors, managers, and legal representatives can sometimes be personally fined or held administratively responsible for the company’s conduct.
These organizations provide guidance, reports, case law summaries, and updates on legislative changes relevant to antitrust litigation in Greece.
If you believe you are involved in, or affected by, an antitrust issue in Greece, consider the following steps:
Early and informed action is key in antitrust litigation. Legal specialists can help you navigate the complex regulatory landscape and maximize your chances of a successful outcome.
