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Manila, Philippines Attorneys in related practice areas.
Corporate & Commercial law in Manila covers the legal framework within which businesses operate in the Philippines' bustling capital. This area of law addresses a wide spectrum of activities, including company formation, governance, acquisitions, business contracts, regulatory compliance, joint ventures, dissolution, and more. Manila, being the economic hub of the country, sees a significant concentration of corporate activity, making commercial law a dynamic and essential field for both local and foreign investors looking to establish or expand businesses in the region.
There are many scenarios where seeking legal advice from a corporate & commercial lawyer in Manila becomes essential. Some of the most common situations include:
Manila, as part of the Philippines, follows a legal system influenced by both civil and common law traditions. The key laws and regulations governing corporate & commercial activities in Manila include:
Local ordinances of Manila City and regulations from government agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), and Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) also play critical roles in business operations.
A corporation is a separate legal entity distinct from its owners, providing limited liability to shareholders and perpetual succession. A partnership is a business formed by two or more persons, where profits and liabilities are shared according to the partnership agreement. Corporations offer greater protection for personal assets, while partnerships are simpler to form and operate.
Yes, but there are restrictions. Certain industries are reserved for Filipinos or have foreign ownership limits. The Foreign Investments Negative List specifies sectors with restrictions, while others allow up to 100 percent ownership subject to minimum capital requirements and compliance with regulatory agencies.
Business registration usually involves reserving a business name, registering with the Securities and Exchange Commission (for corporations and partnerships) or Department of Trade and Industry (for sole proprietorships), obtaining a Barangay clearance, mayor's permit, BIR registration, and registering with SSS, PhilHealth, and Pag-IBIG.
Disputes often arise from contract breaches, shareholder disagreements, labor issues, intellectual property misuse, regulatory compliance problems, and payment defaults. Clearing out terms in written agreements and seeking legal consultation can prevent many conflicts.
Businesses must pay income tax, value-added tax (or percentage tax, depending on revenue), withholding taxes, local business taxes, and registration fees. The specific taxes payable depend on the type and size of the business.
Business owners should register their trademarks, patents, and designs with the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines. Proper registration gives legal protection and remedies against infringement.
Corporations are required to have by-laws, a board of directors, regular stockholders and board meetings, and proper corporate records. The SEC regulates corporate reporting and compliance to ensure transparency and accountability.
Closing a business is a formal process involving clearance of tax liabilities, deregistration from regulatory agencies, liquidation of assets, settlement of obligations, and, for corporations, approval from the SEC. Proper legal guidance ensures all requirements are met.
Typical permits include barangay clearance, mayor's permit, BIR permit, and clearances from special regulatory agencies, depending on the nature of the business. Certain industries also require specific additional licenses.
Parties may opt for alternative dispute resolution methods such as mediation, arbitration, or negotiation. These methods are often faster and less expensive than formal litigation and are encouraged by Philippine law.
Below are some organizations and government agencies that provide information and assistance for corporate & commercial matters in Manila:
If you need legal advice or assistance related to corporate & commercial matters in Manila, consider the following steps:
Legal requirements in the Philippines can be complex and constantly evolving. If in doubt, always seek proper legal guidance to ensure your business interests are protected and compliant with all applicable laws.
