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45 legal articles
If a competitor or a cartel is squeezing your business out of the U.S. market, filing a federal antitrust claim under the Sherman Act in California is one of the...
Canada Cross-Border Mergers: Navigating Competition Act Review Recent Sweeping Reforms: Amendments to the Canadian Competition Act have significantly lowered the bar for regulatory intervention, eliminating the "efficiencies defense" and introducing...
Managing Antitrust Compliance in Cross-Border Joint Ventures in Brazil Establishing a cross-border joint venture (JV) in Brazil offers immense commercial potential, but it also drops international corporations directly into one...
For global corporations, entering India through a joint venture (JV) offers a powerful mechanism to leverage local expertise, distribution networks, and regulatory goodwill. However, executing a cross-border JV in India...
Expanding a global franchise network into Colombia offers immense commercial potential, but it also requires strict adherence to some of the most rigorous competition laws in Latin America. International franchisors...
Low Thresholds for Tech: Transactions involving target companies active in digital platforms, software, biotechnology, or financial technologies in Turkey almost always trigger a mandatory filing due to the elimination of...
Executing a cross-border merger or acquisition that touches the Brazilian market requires strict compliance with local antitrust rules. Brazil's antitrust authority, the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (CADE), operates a...
Australia's mandatory merger control regime requires qualifying transactions to obtain ACCC clearance before closing. Administrative review before the ACCC is the main clearance route, while the Australian Competition Tribunal handles...
How Foreign Investors Prevent Competition Law Violations in Vietnam Joint Ventures Expanding into Vietnam through a joint venture (JV) offers foreign corporations rapid access to local distribution networks and manufacturing...
Both the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM) and the European Commission hold broad authority to execute unannounced inspections (dawn raids) and demand corporate records across the European Union....
Mandatory Notification Thresholds: Foreign entities acquiring South African assets or entities generating local turnover must notify the regulatory bodies if combined and target asset/turnover limits are met. Strict Timelines: Regulatory...
Notification Thresholds: Mandatory pre-merger filing applies when the Canadian target's assets or revenues exceed CAD $93 million and combined global assets/revenues exceed CAD $400 million. Filing Fee: The mandatory filing...
Broad Regulatory Scope: The South African Competition Commission enforces competition law against foreign multinationals whenever conduct creates a direct, substantial effect within South Africa. Equal Public Interest Weight: Merger reviews...
Australia operates a mandatory, suspensory merger review regime. Foreign acquirers meeting statutory notification thresholds must receive clearance from the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) before closing. Foreign Investment Review...
New Zealand runs a voluntary merger notification regime under Section 47 of the Commerce Act 1986. However, completing a deal that harms competition leaves you exposed to court-ordered divestments, voided...
Cross-border tech transactions face parallel, independent reviews by the Canadian Competition Bureau and the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) or Department of Justice (DOJ). Clearance from one regulator never binds...
Canada enforces two separate, parallel regulatory regimes for cross-border transactions: national security and net benefit reviews under the Investment Canada Act (ICA), and merger reviews under the Competition Act. Mandatory...
The Swedish Competition Authority ( Konkurrensverket ) exercises broad dawn raid powers, including mirror-imaging servers, accessing cloud databases hosted abroad, and copying mobile devices. Communications with in-house counsel, including foreign...
Foreign buyers acquiring US assets, voting securities, or non-corporate interests are subject to the Hart-Scott-Rodino (HSR) Act once size-of-person and size-of-transaction thresholds are met. The statutory waiting period is 30...
Key Takeaways The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) aggressively pursues multinational technology companies for anti-competitive behavior, operating with broad investigatory powers. When your firm faces an antitrust inquiry in...