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51 articles found for Commercial Litigation
Choosing between the Federal Court of Australia and State Supreme Courts (chiefly NSW or Victoria) turns on statutory jurisdiction, judge docket allocation, and speed to trial. Commercial litigation in Australia...
Foreign court judgments require STJ homologation: A money judgment issued outside Brazil cannot be executed against local assets until it receives formal approval (homologação) from the Superior Court of Justice...
Non-EU commercial judgments must meet seven statutory criteria under Article 64 of Law No. 218/1995 to be enforced in Italy. While recognition of legal status is automatic, seizing debtor assets...
Three Primary Pathways: Foreign court decisions and arbitral awards are recognized in Malaysia through the Reciprocal Enforcement of Judgments Act 1958 (REJA), common law actions in debt, or the Arbitration...
Foreign companies can sue directly in India's Commercial Courts if the commercial contract dispute meets the minimum claim threshold of INR 300,000. Mandatory pre-institution mediation applies under Section 12A of...
Foreign arbitral awards are recognized and enforced in the High Court in London primarily under the New York Convention via the UK Arbitration Act 1996. The initial enforcement application is...
Court timelines remain long: Italian commercial court litigation takes two to four years per instance. Mediated settlements under Legislative Decree 28/2010 can produce an enforceable title in one to four...
Statutory enforcement is streamlined: If the originating country has a reciprocal treaty with Australia, registration is fast and avoids re-litigating the dispute. Common law applies otherwise: For non-treaty nations like...
Brussels I bis Regulation: Disputes in Belgium
Jul 18, 2026Brussels I bis Regulation: Disputes in Belgium For multinational corporations operating in Europe, a jurisdictional dispute can derail a commercial strategy before a court even hears the merits of the...
The 12-Month Trap: Despite what some older statutes suggest, you generally have only 12 months from the date of a foreign judgment to register it in Nigeria under the simplified...
Enforcing Foreign Judgments in South Africa: 2026 Guide Enforcing a foreign court judgment in South Africa requires navigating a distinct dual-system framework. While South Africa is the primary economic gateway...
The Reciprocating Divide: Enforcing a foreign judgment in India depends heavily on whether the originating country is recognized as a "reciprocating territory" under Section 44A of the Civil Procedure Code....
Commercial Litigation in Australia: Defending Foreign Subsidiaries For multinational corporations, expanding into the Australian market offers immense opportunities, but it also exposes the organization to unique legal risks. When an...
US Cross-Border Commercial Litigation: Guide for Foreign Plaintiffs For international businesses, suing a United States company can feel like entering an entirely different legal universe. The US litigation system is...
Ireland has cemented its status as the premier European headquarters for global technology, pharmaceutical, and financial services companies. However, managing corporate operations from thousands of miles away introduces unique challenges...
Australia's Class Action Landscape: Australia is the most active class action jurisdiction outside the United States, driven by a claimant-friendly legal framework. The "Opt-Out" Model: Class members are automatically included...
Strict Tenancy Protections: Dutch law divides commercial leases into two distinct categories (Article 7:290 and 7:230a of the Dutch Civil Code), each carrying vastly different rights regarding lease termination and...
Check the contract first: Dispute resolution clauses and strict notice timelines dictate your strategy before you can even file a lawsuit. Jurisdiction clauses generally stand: Australian courts usually respect choice-of-law...
Winning an international arbitration is only half the battle. If your counterparty is an Indian company, the real test begins when you seek to recover funds. Historically, foreign businesses feared...
First-to-File Rule: South Africa uses a first-to-file system. Your foreign trademark has almost no legal power locally until you register it with the CIPC. Domain Security: Secure your .co.za domain...