22 articles found for Contract

Penalty Caps: Under the Commercial Law 2005, monetary penalties for breaches are capped at 8% of the value of the breached obligation portion, unless otherwise specified in specialized laws. Arbitration...

California law strictly prohibits non-compete agreements, making them unenforceable even if your contract was signed in another country or state. To qualify as an "exempt" executive and avoid overtime requirements,...

First-to-File Supremacy: Turkey operates on a first-to-file system, meaning the first entity to apply for a trademark or patent generally secures the rights, regardless of prior use by others. Mandatory...

Joint Ventures in India are primarily governed by the Indian Contract Act (1872), the Companies Act (2013), and the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA). Enforcing non-compete clauses is legally challenging...

Renewing a contract in Vietnam requires a formal written amendment or a new agreement to satisfy the Civil Code 2015 and Commercial Law 2005 requirements for validity. Price adjustment clauses...

Mandatory Minimums: Commercial leases in Italy are strictly governed by Law 392/1978, requiring a minimum "6+6" year duration for most businesses. Goodwill Indemnity: Tenants in retail or consumer-facing businesses are...

International skilled workers in Australia are entitled to the same minimum wage and National Employment Standards (NES) as Australian citizens, regardless of their visa subclass. Reporting workplace exploitation to the...

Explicit IP Transfer is Mandatory: Under Philippine law, intellectual property rights do not automatically transfer to the client in all "work-for-hire" scenarios; the contract must contain express assignment language. DPA...

Commercial contract termination in Malaysia is governed by the Contracts Act 1950 and established common law principles. Only a breach of a "condition" or a fundamental "innominate term" typically grants...

Italian agency law is highly protective of the agent, and many statutory protections cannot be waived by contract, even if both parties agree. Termination of an agency agreement almost always...

The Netherlands is a primary gateway for European IP protection, offering access to the Unified Patent Court (UPC) and the Benelux Office for Intellectual Property (BOIP). Tech companies can reduce...

Legal Foundation: All commercial contracts in Malaysia are primarily governed by the Contracts Act 1950, which requires offer, acceptance, consideration, and the intention to create legal relations. Stamp Duty is...

Digital Compliance: The Digital Work Card (Ergani II) is now mandatory for most Greek sectors, requiring real-time reporting of working hours to avoid heavy fines. Probationary Limits: New legislation has...

Service Level Agreements (SLAs) in the Philippines are governed by the Civil Code and specific statutes like the Data Privacy Act of 2012. Service credits are the primary remedy for...

The Civil Transactions Law (CTL), effective December 2023, is Saudi Arabia's first comprehensive codification of contract law, moving away from uncodified Sharia principles. Good faith is a mandatory statutory requirement...

How to Respond to a Breach of Contract by a Supplier in Nigeria In the Nigerian business environment, supply chain disruptions are a common reality. Whether it is a delay...

A legally enforceable contract, which in this case we are referring to a lease agreement, specifies the terms and circumstances under which a landlord leases a property to a tenant....

Public Procurement and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)Public procurement involves the acquisition of goods, services, and infrastructure by governmental entities from private sector entities. This interaction has historically enabled private companies to...

I remember a case I did a few years back. The business dispute at the High Court was extremely litigious. Application after application, allegation after allegation. And this was between...

To all business owners, managers, and executives. You start your business. You have a dispute. One thing that you will definitely regret in such a case is not having a...