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45 legal articles
A foreign manufacturer that sells only abroad can still face a US price-fixing lawsuit if its goods, or products containing them, reach American buyers. The Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act...
The Digital Competition Bill introduces an ex-ante framework, regulating large digital platforms before anti-competitive behavior occurs rather than after. Companies designated as Systemically Significant Digital Enterprises (SSDEs) must comply with...
Lower Intervention Thresholds: The Competition Bureau can now challenge mergers that significantly lessen competition even if they do not create a total monopoly. Global Revenue Penalties: Violations may result in...
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) possesses broad powers to conduct "dawn raids" and seize digital evidence without prior notice. Filing a leniency application early is critical in cartel cases,...
The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers (DMCC) Act 2024 targets global tech firms with "Strategic Market Status" (SMS) to prevent monopolistic behavior in the UK. Failure to comply with the...
Mandatory notification is required for any merger meeting the intermediate or large financial thresholds under South African law. South Africa assesses mergers on both competitive impact and rigid public interest...
US HSR Act Merger Filings FAQ: 2026 Antitrust Guide for Foreign Acquirers The Hart-Scott-Rodino (HSR) Act requires foreign acquirers to notify the US government before completing mergers that meet specific...
Explainer: Antitrust Regulations and Joint Ventures in Iceland The Icelandic Competition Authority treats "full-function" joint ventures as mergers, requiring mandatory notification if specific turnover thresholds are met. Joint venture reviews...
Foreign joint ventures must comply with South African antitrust laws if their business activities have an economic effect within the country, regardless of where the entities are incorporated. The Competition...
The UK Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) operates independently post-Brexit and runs parallel investigations alongside EU regulators. Section 26 mandatory information requests require a strict legal hold on internal communications...
First-mover advantage: The Corporate Leniency Policy (CLP) grants full immunity from administrative fines only to the first cartel member to report the conduct. Dawn raids require immediate action: Establishing an...
New Zealand operates a voluntary merger clearance regime. However, the Commerce Commission proactively investigates and can block unnotified transactions that substantially lessen competition. Foreign acquisitions usually trigger mandatory reviews by...
Australia transitions to a mandatory, suspensory merger control regime on January 1, 2026, fundamentally changing how foreign technology acquisitions are reviewed. Full corporate acquisitions face intense regulatory scrutiny, while alternative...
Singapore's competition regime applies to foreign joint ventures if their activities substantially lessen competition within local markets. Merger notification to the Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore (CCCS) is voluntary...
Mandatory and Suspensory: Starting January 1, 2026, Australia operates under a mandatory, suspensory merger control system. Closing a transaction before receiving written ACCC clearance is illegal and voids the deal....
Global e-commerce platforms operating in India face tightening scrutiny from the Competition Commission of India (CCI). This guide breaks down current antitrust compliance requirements to prevent costly investigations and litigation....
Foreign multinational enterprises and private equity funds targeting African acquisitions face complex regulatory hurdles. This is especially true when transactions involve assets in Nigeria (West Africa's largest economy) and neighboring...
When an overseas technology company faces regulatory heat in Australia, its global legal team often makes a costly mistake: they treat the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) like a...
Antitrust Compliance for Tech Licensing in California: A Guide for Foreign Tech Companies Entering the California market offers massive growth opportunities for international technology companies, but it also introduces complex...
Antitrust Merger Control in Brazil: A Guide for Foreign Buyers Acquiring a business with Brazilian operations requires navigating a strict, pre-merger notification system overseen by one of the world's most...