374 articles found

Foreign food importers must establish a Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP) to ensure international products meet United States safety standards. All foreign facilities manufacturing, processing, packing, or holding food for...

Foreign Private Equity (PE) investors primarily enter India through three routes: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI), or Alternative Investment Funds (AIF). The Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA)...

Canadian businesses must comply with the Special Economic Measures Act (SEMA) and the Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act (FAC) to avoid criminal prosecution. Compliance is not limited...

Prevention via MOI: Customizing your Memorandum of Incorporation (MOI) is the most effective way to prevent deadlocks before they paralyze operations. Section 81 Remedy: The Companies Act of 2008 allows...

A License to Operate (LTO) is the mandatory first step for any entity wishing to import, distribute, or sell food products in the Philippines. You must secure an LTO for...

Italian law requires buyers to notify suppliers of product defects within eight days of discovery to preserve their right to legal remedies. The 'Decreto Ingiuntivo' is an expedited court order...

All foreign facilities that manufacture, process, pack, or hold food for consumption in the United States must register with the FDA. Importers are legally responsible for verifying that their foreign...

Canadian businesses are subject to strict liability under the Special Economic Measures Act (SEMA) and the Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act (FAC), meaning intent is often irrelevant...

Foreign firms have eight days from the discovery of a defect to notify an Italian supplier, or they risk losing all warranty rights under Article 1495 of the Italian Civil...

An FDA License to Operate (LTO) is the mandatory first step for any entity intending to import food products into the Philippine market. The LTO must be secured before applying...

Shareholders in South African private companies can proactively prevent deadlocks by including customized tie-breaker provisions in their Memorandum of Incorporation (MOI). The "Shotgun Clause" is a high-stakes exit mechanism that...

Turkey is a signatory to the New York Convention, meaning foreign arbitral awards are generally enforceable provided there is reciprocity between Turkey and the country where the award was rendered....

Free Zone companies must register for Corporate Tax regardless of whether they expect to pay the 0% or 9% rate. To maintain "Qualifying Free Zone Person" (QFZP) status, entities must...

Foreign investors primarily use three routes to enter the Indian market: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI), and Alternative Investment Funds (AIF). The Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA)...

Legal Personality: Upgrading to a Private Limited Company (Ltd) creates a separate legal entity, protecting your personal assets from business liabilities. Cessation Requirement: You must formally file a "Notice of...

The Civil Transactions Law (CTL), effective December 2023, is Saudi Arabia's first comprehensive codification of contract law, moving away from uncodified Sharia principles. Good faith is a mandatory statutory requirement...

A foreign branch is not a separate legal entity; the parent company remains 100% liable for all obligations and debts incurred by the Thai branch. Most foreign branches require a...

Trade sales remain the most common exit route in the UAE due to speed and the high presence of strategic international buyers seeking regional footprints. Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) on...

The Dutch Participation Exemption eliminates corporate income tax on dividends and capital gains derived from qualifying subsidiaries. The Netherlands offers one of the world's most extensive networks of Bilateral Investment...

Strict Timelines: In the Philippines, you generally have 30 calendar days to file a formal "Answer" after receiving a summons; failing to do so can result in a default judgment...